RAVINDAR IAS

Geography optional mapping class PDF

Polymer (Plastic) Banknotes – Why in News? RBI has been examining the feasibility of introducing polymer (plastic) banknotes in India, initially through pilot projects for select denominations. The objective is to improve the durability of currency, reduce counterfeiting, and lower long-term printing costs. What are Polymer Banknotes? Polymer banknotes are made from biaxially oriented polypropylene (BOPP), a type of plastic, instead of cotton-based paper. Unlike paper notes, polymer notes are: Waterproof Dirt-resistant More durable Difficult to counterfeit How are Current Indian Notes Made? Indian banknotes are not ordinary paper. They are made primarily from 100% cotton rag with security fibres and special security features. Printed by: Bank Note Press, Dewas Currency Note Press, Nashik Bharatiya Reserve Bank Note Mudran Pvt. Ltd. (Mysuru & Salboni) Advantages of Polymer Notes 1. Longer Life Last 2–4 times longer than cotton-paper notes. Particularly beneficial for lower denominations that circulate frequently. 2. Better Security Transparent windows. Complex holograms. Harder to scan or photocopy. Reduces counterfeit currency. 3. Cleaner Notes Resistant to moisture, dust, sweat and oil. More hygienic. 4. Lower Long-Term Cost Higher initial printing cost. Lower replacement frequency reduces lifecycle cost. 5. Better Environmental Outcome Fewer replacements. Can be recycled into plastic products at the end of their life. Disadvantages Higher initial production cost. Requires modification of printing infrastructure. Recycling facilities need to be developed. May wrinkle or shrink under very high temperatures. Some vending machines and ATMs may require recalibration. Global Experience Countries using polymer notes include: Australia (first country, 1988) Canada United Kingdom New Zealand Singapore Vietnam Malaysia Nigeria Romania More than 60 countries have adopted polymer banknotes. India’s Position RBI has considered introducing polymer notes through pilot projects. Final nationwide implementation depends on cost-benefit analysis and operational feasibility.

Fun time with my students 😊😂

Am happy to share that One of our Geography optional class students feedback NEXT IAS 💐😊

INDIA MAP beautifully sketched by one of our Geography optional students NEXT IAS 💐👍