English With Alikhani

Arrears ( P ) 📚money that is owed and should already have been paid 1. Many people are in arrears with their rent. ▪️خیلی ها کرایه هاشون رو پرداخت نکردن . 2. The rent money is two months in arrears. ▪️کرایه دو ماه عقب افتاده 3. We’ve got 3 months' arrears to pay. ▪️سه ماه دیرکرد رو باید پرداخت کنیم 4. He's been trying pay off the arrears on his mortgage. ▪️او در تلاش است تا بدهی‌های معوقه وام مسکنش را پرداخت کند. 4. The government has agreed to pay all arrears owed to members of the armed forces. ▪️دولت توافق کرده است تا تمامی بدهی‌های معوقه اعضای نیروهای مسلح را پرداخت کند. Paid in arrears 🇻🇬 📚If your salary is paid in arrears, it is paid at the end of the period you have worked: 1. You will be paid interest on your investment in arrears. ▪️سود سرمایه‌گذاری‌تان در پایان دوره پرداخت خواهد شد 2. Construction workers paid in arrears for their work. ▪️کارگران ساختمان نیز پس از اتمام کار، حقوق خود را دریافت می‌کنند.

Even-steven (🇬🇧🇦🇺) 📚Exactly equal; also, with nothing due or owed on either side. 1. All right, here's the $10 I owe you—now we're even Steven. ▪️خوب، این هم ۱۰ دلاری که بهت بدهکار بودم—حالا حساب‌هامون صاف شد. 2. If you can't pay me back, just buy me dinner this Friday. Then, we'll be even Steven. ▪️اگر نمی‌تونی پولم رو پس بدی، فقط این جمعه شام مهمونم کن. اینجوری حسابمون صاف میشه. 3. You helped me move last month, so I watched your dog this weekend. Now we’re even-steven. ▪️ زحمت کشیدی و تو جابجایی کمکم کردی ، من هم آخر هفته سگت رو نگه داشتم . حالا حسابمون صافه. 4. My mom cut the cake into four parts even stevens and then let me choose one. ▪️مادرم کیک را به چهار قسمت مساوی برش زد و سپس اجازه داد یکی را انتخاب کنم.

Edge 📚an advantage over other people  1. In terms of experience, she definitely had the edge over the other people that we interviewed.  2. Companies are employing more research teams to get an edge. On edge 📚Nervous 1. Is something wrong? You seem a bit on edge this morning.  Take the edge off sth 📚to make sth unpleasant have less of an effect on sb   1. Have an apple - it'll take the edge off your hunger.  2. His apology took the edge off her anger. 3. Aspirin will usually take the edge off the pain. on the edge of 📚very close to sth 1. A species on the edge of extinction. 2. The company was teetering on the edge of disaster/bankruptcy.     3. The government had brought the country to the edge of a catastrophe. On the edge of your seat 📚giving all your attention to sth exciting: 1. The film’s ending had me on the edge of my seat.📺 Edge sb out  📚to defeat sb by a small amount 1. Italy edged out France by two points. 2. He was edged out in the semifinals.

Obnoxious 📚very unpleasant or rude   1. Some of his colleagues say that he's loud and obnoxious. ▪️همکارانش او را به خاطر صدای بلند و رفتار ناخوشایندش مورد انتقاد قرار می‌دهند.   2. When she's in a bad mood she's obnoxious to everyone.  ▪️در مواقعی که حالش خوب نیست، به همه بی‌احترامی می‌کند. 3. He made some really obnoxious comments about his ex-girlfriend at the party. ▪️او در مهمانی نظرات واقعاً زننده‌ای درباره‌ی دوست‌دختر سابقش بیان کرد. 4. His patronizing tone was particularly obnoxious to the experienced staff. ▪️لحن متکبرانه‌اش برای کارمندان مجرب به طرز خاصی بی‌احترامی‌آمیز بود. 5. The advertisement used an  obnoxiously loud and repetitive jingle.( adv) ▪️تبلیغ از یک موزیک تکراری و بسیار بلند به شدا ازار دهنده استفاده کرد . 6.He made himself obnoxious by constantly interrupting the speaker. ▪️با مداوم قطع کردن صحبت‌های سخنران، خودش را بسیار بی‌ادب نشان داد.

Dissolute ( adj) 📚(of a person) living in a way that other people strongly disapprove of; immoral  1. He led a dissolute life, drinking and womanising till his death. ▪️او زندگی بی‌بند و باری داشت و تا مرگش مشغول میگساری و زن ‌بارگی بود. 🍷💃 2. Unfortunately, his heir was feckless and dissolute. ▪️متأسفانه، وارث او بی‌عرضه و بی‌بند و بار بود. 3. The novel portrays the dissolute aristocracy of the 18th century. ▪️رمان، اشراف‌زادگان بی بند و بار قرن هجدهم را به تصویر می‌کشد   4.Years of dissolute habits had  taken a toll on his health and fortune. ▪️سال‌ها زندگی بی‌قید و بند، سلامتی و دارایی‌اش را نابود کرد. 5.The biography chronicles his descent into a life of dissolute pleasure ▪️بیوگرافی وی، روایتگر غرق شدنش در لذت‌های ناپاک است.

Ferocious    📚frightening and violent 1. She's got a ferocious (= very bad) temper.  ▪️او خلق و خوی بسیار تند و خشنی دارد. 2. The president came in for some ferocious criticism.  ▪️رئیس‌جمهور با انتقادات شدیدی مواجه شد. 3. The storm grew more and more ferocious with each second. ▪️طوفان هر لحظه خشن‌تر می‌شد 4. The congressman is one of the president’s most ferocious critics. ▪️این نماینده کنگره یکی از منتقدان بسیار جدی رئیس‌جمهور است 4. Parker was driven by a ferocious determination (=fierce) to succeed. ▪️پارکر به شدت مصمم بود که موفق شود. 5. The ferocity of the attack shocked a lot of people.(noun) ▪️شدت حمله بسیاری از مردم را شوکه کرد. 6. A female lion defends her young ferociously.( adv) ▪️یک شیر ماده به شدت از توله هایش دفاع می‌کند.

Cut-throat  (US also cutthroat) 📚not involving considering or worrying about any harm caused to others; fierce رقابتی ( بیزنس و تجارت ) که در ان افراد برای رسیدن به اهداف و موفقیت از هر راهی بهره میبرن حتی اگه به قیمت اسیب رساندن به دیگران باشد . ( به عبارتی حاضرن گلوی افراد را ببرند 🗡🩸)        • She thrived in the cutthroat world of politics.       • The advertising world can be a very cut-throat business  •  The company's cutthroat business tactics led to its competitors' downfall. • While traveling in the desert at night, we had to be careful of any attacks by cutthroats or thieves. (a murderer or killer) • The cut-throat competition among students for the scholarship made everyone work harder than ever.

Backdrop 📚the view behind sth 1. The sea made a splendid backdrop to the garden. ▪️دریا، پس‌زمینه‌ای باشکوه برای باغ ایجاد کرده بود. 2. The mountains provided a perfect backdrop for the wedding photos. ▪️کوه‌ها، پس‌زمینه‌ای ایده‌آل برای عکس‌های عروسی فراهم کردند. 3. The photographer poses his subjects against painted backdrops. ▪️عکاس سوژه‌هایش را در برابر پس‌زمینه‌های نقاشی شده قرار می‌دهد. 📚the general situation in which particular events happen  1. Their love affair began against a backdrop of war.  ▪️عشق آنها در سایه جنگ آغاز شد. 2. Worsening economic conditions have created an unfavorable backdrop for global markets  ▪️شرایط اقتصادی رو به وخامت ، فضایی نامناسب برای بازارهای جهانی ایجاد کرده است. 3. The conference begins this week against a backdrop of unmitigated gloom. ▪️کنفرانس این هفته در فضایی از ناامیدی مطلق آغاز می‌شود. 4. Negotiations were carried out against a backdrop of continued fighting. ▪️مذاکرات در سایه نبردهای پیوسته انجام شد.

Come-down to Come -down on Come down with Comedown ( noun ) 📚a situation in which a person falls to a lower level of importance, popularity, etc. : a fall in status or position 1. For a man who was once a very popular actor, working in a nightclub is quite a comedown.( noun) 2. They used to live in a big house with lots of servants, but they've come down in the world since then. ( verb ) Come down to (something)  📚 to have (something) as the most important part 1. People talk about various reasons for the company's failure, but it all comes down to one thing: a lack of leadership. Come down with (an illness) 📚 to begin to have or suffer from (an illness) 1. She came down with [=contracted] measles. 2. I think I may be coming down with [=getting, catching] a cold. Come down on sb 📚 to criticize or punish sb 1. The governor has promised to come down hard on corrupt officials. 2. Do that once more and I'll come down on you like a ton of bricks!

Spoonerism 📚a mistake made when speaking in which the first sounds of two words are exchanged with each other to produce a not intended and usually funny meaning  این حالت زمانی رخ می‌دهد که یک متکلم به طور تصادفی حروف اول دو کلمه در یک عبارت را جابجا می‌کند و باعث می‌شود کلمه اشتباه تلفظ شود. نتیجه این اتفاق معمولا خیلی خنده‌دار است. 1. Cakeing a bake” for “baking a cake” 2. “Criving the dar” for “driving the car” 3. “Chewing the doors” for “doing the chores” 4. “A lack of pies” for a “pack of lies” 5. “Shake a tower” for “take a shower” 6. “Chipping the flannels” for “flipping the channels” 7. “Wave the sails” for “save the whales” 8. “Flock of bats” for “block of flats” 9. “Bead a rook” for “read a book”

Peril ( formal ) 📚great danger, or sth that is very dangerous        • I never felt that my life was in peril.        • The journey through the mountains was fraught with peril (= full of dangers).        • Teenagers must be warned about the perils of unsafe sex.   •  She described global warming as “a growing peril.” • No lifeguard is on duty: swim at your own peril. [=at your own risk] • She came perilously close to drowning. [=she almost drowned] ( adv )     • The company was perilously close to bankruptcy. ( adv ) • The country roads are quite perilous. ( adj) • A perilous journey through the mountains

Ensue ( formal ) 📚to happen after sth else, especially as a result of it  1. The police officer said that he had placed the man under arrest and that a scuffle had ensued.  2. Problems that ensue from food and medical shortages. 3. When the news broke, a long period of chaos ensued. [=followed] 4. Evelyn showed up unexpectedly and a fierce argument ensued. 5. In the ensuing weeks, [=in the weeks afterward] her health gradually improved. ( adj) 6. An argument broke out and in the ensuing fight, a gun went off.(adj) 7. He lost his job and in the ensuing months became more and more depressed.( adj)

Loom 📚if a problem or difficulty looms, it is likely to happen very soon: 1. An economic crisis is looming on the horizon. ▪️بحران اقتصادی در شُرف وقوق است . ( تا وقوع ان زمان زیادی باقی نمانده ) 2. The government is denying that a crisis is looming. ▪️دولت هرگونه پیشامد احتمالی بحران را منکر شده است. 3. Exams are looming. ▪️امتحانات در پیش هستند. 4. Here, too, the threat of unemployment has been looming on the horizon. ▪️اینجا نیز خطر بیکاری غریب الوقوع است. 5. The threat of closure looms over the workforce. ▪️خطر تعطیلی بر سر کارگران سایه افکنده است. 6. The deadline looms closer with each passing day. ▪️مهلت با هر روزی که می‌گذرد، نزدیک‌تر می‌شود. 📚to appear as a large shape that is not clear, usually in a threatening way 1. Suddenly the mountains loomed up out of the mist. 2. A ship loomed (up) out of the fog. 3. Storm clouds loomed on the horizon. 🆔@English_Alikhani

Get The Short End Of The Stick vs Get The Wrong End Of The Stick Get The Short ( Rough or Bad ) End Of The Stick 📚to be in a worse position or situation, or to be treated worse, than anyone else: 1. The poor always get the short end of the stick. 2. There are guys that are doping in every sport, but for some reason, we're getting the rough end of the stick. 3. Helen got the short end of the stick when she was assigned another week of night duty Get The Wrong End Of The Stick 📚an incorrect understanding of sth 1. You've got (hold of) the wrong end of the stick. He didn't push me; I fell. 2. Whoa, don't get hold of the wrong end of the stick now—I'm not romantically interested in you! We're just friends. 💔😁😢 3. Every week, I explain the rules of football to him, and he still always gets hold of the wrong end of the stick. 4. Her friend saw us arrive at the party together and got the wrong end of the stick.

Penchant UK  [ˈpɒ n.ʃɒ n ]  US  [ˈpen.tʃ ənt] 📚a liking for, an enjoyment of, or a habit of doing sth, esp something that other people might not like 1. He has a penchant for giving lavish private parties.🥳🎉🪩 2. Her penchant for mathematics helped her to become an engineer.➕➗➖🟰 3. If you have a penchant for pizza, you either eat it daily or wish you did.🍕 Inclination 📚 a preference or tendency , or a feeling that makes a person want to do sth  1. We should be basing our decisions on solid facts, not inclinations and hunches. 2. Neither of my children showed the slightest inclination to follow me into journalism.🗞📰 3. She’s troubled by her son’s inclination toward atheism. 4. He is a teacher by occupation but a philosopher by inclination. 5. My first/initial/natural inclination was to say no, but I finally decided to do what she asked. 6. I have neither the time nor the inclination to learn about such matters. 7. In matters of dress she followed her personal inclinations rather than fashion.

For all you are worth 📚If you do something for all you are worth, you put a lot of effort into it       • We pushed the car for all we were worth, but we still couldn't get it started. ▪️تا جایی که توانستیم ماشین را هل دادیم، اما هنوز نتوانستیم آن را روشن کنیم.       • When I saw the police approaching, I ran for all I was worth. ▪️وقتی پلیس را دیدم، با تمام سرعت دویدم.        • We could clean the house for all we're worth, and Mom would still find something to complain about! ▪️ما می‌توانیم خانه را به بهترین شکل تمیز کنیم، اما مادر هنوز چیزی برای شکایت پیدا می‌کند!         • You  two need to code for all you're worth to get the new software ready by the release date—which is rapidly approaching! ▪️شما دو نفر باید با تمام توان کدنویسی کنید تا نرم‌افزار جدید را تا تاریخ انتشار که به سرعت نزدیک می‌شود، آماده کنید! 🆔@English_Alikhani

For What It is Worth ❓❔ 📚You can say this if you don't want to appear too arrogant when giving your opinion or sharing some information, or if you're not sure if what you're saying is useful or helpful. ✍زمانی استفاده میشود که گوینده از صحت و یا مهم و مفید بودن اطلاعاتی که به شنونده میدهد اطمینان ندارد. 1. I'm sorry to hear you lost your job. For what it's worth, I think you made the right choice confronting your boss. 2. Well, I really like the color of paint you chose, for what it's worth. Don't take Mom's criticism too seriously. 3. Well, here's my take on the situation, for what it's worth. 4. Jerry called and said, "For what it's worth, I just heard a rumour that the mayor's resigning soon." 5. I'm not an expert on the matter, but for what it's worth, you should consult a professional. 6. I understand your hesitation, but for what it's worth, I think you are more capable of handling this challenge than you realize.

Overt VS Covert Overt 📚easily seen : not secret or hidden : Obvious 1. He shows no overt signs of his unhappiness.  2. Overt race discrimination is illegal. 3. An overt attempt to silence their political opponents 4. It was an overtly sexual advertising campaign. ( adv) 5. He never overtly expressed his feeling about this issue . ( adv) 6. This is her most overtly political play. ( adv ) Covert 📚secret or hidden 1. The government was accused of covert military operations against the regime.  2. Detectives often use covert video surveillance. 3. He stole a covert glance at Lily. 4. Terrorists have been operating covertly in England for several years. ( adv) 5. The witness alleges that the FBI asked him to covertly record conversations with his boss. ( adv) 🆔@English_Alikhani

1. Sam is a tennis players that spectators love to watch because he always wears his heart on his sleeve. ▪️سم یکی از تنیس‌بازانی است که تماشاگران دوست دارند او را تماشا کنند، چون همیشه احساساتش را به‌وضوح نشان می‌دهد 2. You'll never be a good card player if you wear your heart on your sleeve. Other players can tell if your cards are good or not by watching your reactions when you get them. ▪️اگر احساساتت را به‌راحتی نشان دهی، هرگز بازیکن خوبی در بازی ورق نخواهی شد 3. I could tell she was disappointed with the exam results – she wears her heart on her sleeve. ▪️می‌توانستم بفهمم که او از نتایج امتحان ناامید شده است - او همیشه احساساتش را به‌وضوح نشان می‌دهد 4. Tom is not one to wear his heart on his sleeve. He keeps his emotions guarded and rarely shows vulnerability, making it difficult for others to connect with him on a deeper level. ▪️تام کسی نیست که احساساتش را به‌راحتی نشان دهد؛ او احساساتش را محافظت می‌کند و این باعث می‌شود دیگران نتوانند با او ارتباط عمیق‌تری برقرار کنند Ant : Bottle sth up