MediGate

Dosologia 💊 بعد ما داومت اطفال وشفت هوايه يتطلب مننا نحسب جرعات ونضرب بالوزن meh 🥵 و كالعادة كسلي أقوى من تحملي ف برمجت ويب يخلص الموضوع بثانية. ويب يسهل الدنيا (ie make it easy peasy ) المطلوب تدخل الوزن، ويحسب الدوز على طول 👇 The calculator covers: …

Dosologia 💊 بعد ما داومت اطفال وشفت هوايه يتطلب مننا نحسب جرعات ونضرب بالوزن meh 🥵 و كالعادة كسلي أقوى من تحملي ف برمجت ويب يخلص الموضوع بثانية. ويب يسهل الدنيا (ie make it easy peasy ) المطلوب تدخل الوزن، ويحسب الدوز على طول 👇 The calculator covers: • Antipyretics • Antiemetics • Steroids • Anticonvulsants • Antibiotics • IV fluids • DKA protocol (based on ISPAD 2022) Made with 💗 by @Adrenalin_Rx رابط الويب: https://7amooch.github.io/Dosologia/

A 55-year-old nulligravid woman comes to the physician because of a 3-day history of heavy vaginal bleeding, requiring more than 5 pads per day. Menarche was at the age of 10 years. Menopause occurred 1 year ago. She has a history of hypothyroidism and type…

A 55-year-old nulligravid woman comes to the physician because of a 3-day history of heavy vaginal bleeding, requiring more than 5 pads per day. Menarche was at the age of 10 years. Menopause occurred 1 year ago. She has a history of hypothyroidism and type 2 diabetes mellitus. She has smoked one pack of cigarettes daily for 20 years but quit 5 years ago. Current medications include levothyroxine and metformin. She is 165 cm (5 ft 5 in) tall and weighs 86 kg (190 lb); BMI is 32 kg/m². Physical examination shows mild vaginal atrophy and a normal cervix. The uterus and adnexa are nontender to palpation. Transvaginal ultrasonography shows an endometrial thickness of 6 mm. Endometrial biopsy shows noninvasive proliferation of endometrial glands with no nuclear or cytological atypia. Which of the following is the most appropriate next step in management? a) Total hysterectomy b) Estrogen vaginal cream c) Reassurance and follow-up d) Progestin therapy e) Surgical endometrial ablation

A 19-year-old nulligravid woman comes to the physician because of irregular heavy menstrual bleeding since menarche at the age of 16 years. Menses occur at irregular 15- to 45-day intervals and last 7 to 10 days. She has also noted increased hair growth on her face. She has acne vulgaris treated with topical retinoids. Her 70-year-old grandmother has breast cancer. She is 163 cm (5 ft 4 in) tall and weighs 82 kg (181 lb); BMI is 31 kg/m². Pelvic examination shows copious cervical mucus and slightly enlarged irregular ovaries. If left untreated, this patient is at greatest risk for which of the following complications? a) Choriocarcinoma b) Endometrial cancer c) Thyroid lymphoma d) Cervical cancer e) Osteoporosis

A 39-year-old woman comes to the physician because she has had heavy menstrual bleeding every 2–3 weeks. The flow is heavy with the passage of clots, requiring a thick pad every 2–3 hours. Menarche occurred at 10 years of age and menses previously occurred at regular 28- to 32-day intervals and lasted for 5 days with normal flow. Her only medication is a multivitamin. She has no children. Her mother was diagnosed with ovarian cancer at 60 years of age. She is 158 cm (5 ft 2 in) tall and weighs 86 kg (190 lb); BMI is 34 kg/m². Her temperature is 36.6°C (97.8°F), pulse is 86/min, and blood pressure is 110/70 mm Hg. Pelvic examination shows a normal-sized uterus. Laboratory studies, including a complete blood count, thyroid function tests, and coagulation studies, are within the reference ranges. A urine pregnancy test is negative. The remainder of the examination shows no abnormalities. Which of the following is the most appropriate next step in management? a) Endometrial ablation b) Endometrial biopsy c) Abdominal ultrasonography d) Combined oral contraceptives e) Hysteroscopy

KEY INFO 🔑 : Patients with PCOS are at increased risk for endometrial hyperplasia and endometrial adenocarcinoma due to unopposed estrogen exposure.

def MCQ1(): Q = A 28-year-old woman comes to the physician because she has not had a menstrual period for 3 months. Menarche occurred at the age of 12 years and menses occurred at regular 30-day intervals until they became irregular 1 year ago. She is 160 cm (5 ft 3 in) tall and weighs 85 kg (187 lb); BMI is 33 kg/m². Physical examination shows nodules and pustules along the jaw line and dark hair growth around the umbilicus. Pelvic examination shows a normal-sized, retroverted uterus. A urine pregnancy test is negative. Without treatment, this patient is at greatest risk for which of the following? a) Endometrioma b) Cervical carcinoma c) Choriocarcinoma d) Mature cystic teratoma e) Endometrial carcinoma

Gynecology 🤰🏻 Lecture: Malignant Disease of the Uterus 📝 🔑 Types of Uterine Cancer: 1. Endometrial Cancer: Arises from the endometrium, the most common type. 2. Sarcoma: Arises from the myometrium, rare. 🔍 Endometrial Carcinoma: - Prevalence: Most common gynecological malignancy. - Mean Age of Diagnosis: 62 years, but can occur throughout reproductive life; 75% of cases are postmenopausal. Classification: 1. Endometrioid Adenocarcinoma (Type 1): - Accounts for 90%. - Estrogen-dependent. - Good prognosis. 2. Serous Papillary Carcinoma (Type 2): - Non-estrogen dependent. - Poor prognosis. 3. Clear Cell Carcinoma: Rare. ⚠️ Risk Factors: - Type 1: 1. Obesity. 2. Diabetes mellitus. 3. Nulliparity. 4. Late menopause (>52 years). 5. Unopposed estrogen therapy. 6. Tamoxifen therapy. 7. Hereditary predisposition (e.g., Lynch syndrome). - Type 2: Less well understood. 🛡️ Prevention: - Hysterectomy (for Lynch syndrome). - Use of combined oral contraceptive pills. - Use of progestogens. - Intrauterine device (IUD). - Pregnancy. - Smoking. 🩺 Clinical Presentation: 1. Symptoms: - Abnormal vaginal bleeding (90%): Postmenopausal bleeding, irregular bleeding, intermenstrual bleeding, heavy menstrual bleeding. - Blood-stained vaginal discharge. - Pain (late symptom). - Abnormal cervical screening test. - Metastasis evidence (fistula, bone metastasis, altered liver function, respiratory symptoms). 2. Signs: - General examination may be normal. - Possible enlarged lymph nodes (groin, supraclavicular fossa). - Uterine enlargement. - Pelvic examination: Bleeding through cervix, secondary metastasis, bulky uterus. 🧪 Investigations: 1. Transvaginal Ultrasound: Measures endometrial thickness. 2. Endometrial Biopsy: Not 100% sensitive. 3. MRI: Evaluates endometrial thickness, myometrial invasion, and helps in surgical planning. 4. Additional Tests: Assess general health and possible metastasis. 🔬 Staging (FIGO Classification): - Stage I: Confined to uterine body. - IA: Less than 50% myometrial invasion. - IB: More than 50% myometrial invasion. - Stage II: Tumor invading cervix. - Stage III: Local/regional spread. - IIIA: Invades uterine serosa and/or adnexa. - IIIB: Invades vagina and/or parametrium. - IIIC: Metastasis to pelvic and/or para-aortic nodes. - Stage IV: Tumor invades bladder, bowel, or distant metastasis. 💊 Treatment: - Surgery: Main treatment. Total hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, modified radical hysterectomy if cervix involved. - Adjuvant Treatment: - Radiotherapy: Postoperative to reduce recurrence. - Chemotherapy: For advanced/metastatic disease. - Hormone Therapy: Progestogens to inhibit tumor growth, especially for patients unfit for surgery or wishing to preserve fertility. 📊 Prognosis: - Five-Year Survival: - Stage I: 93%-66% - Stage IV: 16% - Adverse Prognostic Features: - Age >70 years. - Type 2 histology. - Grade 3 tumors. - Deep myometrial invasion. - Lymphovascular space invasion. - Nodal metastasis. - Distant metastasis. 🆘 Uterine Sarcomas: - Prevalence: ~5% of uterine cancers. - Types: Leiomyosarcoma, carcinosarcomas. - Symptoms: Abnormal vaginal bleeding. - Management: Surgery (total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy). ╰——╯╰————————╯ MCQs 👇🏻

مرحبا طلاب ! اقترح نسوي مثل الباطنية وانزل ملخصات خفيفة ( يعني تركيز على المعلومات الأساسية لكل موضوع (Background 📝) وأسئلة تخص كل موضوع ندرسه. يمكن أن تكون هذه الأسئلة بين 5 إلى 15 MCQ لكل موضوع. هلشي حيساعد بتعزيز الفهم 💡للمادة وتحديد النقاط الي تحتاج مزيد من الدراسة📚. الاسئلة المباشرة والسهلة ماننزلهم فقط الي بيها فكرة وتكون مثل نمط اسئلة التقويمي حنزل تصويت اذا تشوفون هلاقتراح مفيد حتى نبلش For any questions or suggestions, leave a comment 👇🏻 or Dm me via this bot 🤖: @MadiGateBot نتمنى للجميع دراسة موفقة.

#GynaecologySummary For Plab MCQ Check comments below plz 👇🏻

#ObstetricsSummary For Plab MCQ Check comments below plz 👇🏻

بالتوفيق في امتحان الجراحة! 🩵 let’s Go crush that exam!✌🏻🔥"

Here are some of the most common classifications of # (1%) :