Pharmacy Rx plus

Q- Which of the following groups of medications prolongs GABA activity in the brain? A- Alcohols B- Barbiturates C- Benzodiazepines D- Methamphetamines

ACUTE PULMONARY HYPERTENSION The right ventricle is under acute stress in pulmonary hypertension because it must pump against markedly increased pulmonary vascular resistance. Four simultaneous goals of Treatment: 1. Raise systemic BP → protect RV coronary perfusion 2. Strengthen RV → improve forward flow 3. Lower PVR → make it easier for RV to eject 4. Optimize preload → neither empty nor overloaded RV Severe hypotension + RV failure → Norepinephrine/vasopressin ± inotrope Severe PVR → iNO/inhaled prostacyclin Refractory shock → VA-ECMO + definitive treatment of the cause

Q- A patient with a history of intravenous drug abuse presents with JVD and a holosystolic murmur at the left sternal border. Which of the following is the best treatment for this patient? A-Dopamine and observation B-Morphine and IV beta blockers C-Treat heart failure and replace the aortic valve D-Treat heart failure and replace the tricuspid valve

Q- Which one of the following medications inhibits fibrinolysis? A- Aminocaproic acid B- Heparin C- Lepirudin D- Rifampin

Q- Which of the following is the acid-base disturbance most likely seen in a case of aspirin toxicity? A-Metabolic acidosis only B-Respiratory alkalosis only C-Respiratory acidosis and metabolic alkalosis D-Respiratory alkalosis and metabolic acidosis @PharmacyRxplus

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Q- A 72-year-old hospitalized patient develops acute confusion and agitation. He has a fluctuating level of consciousness and visual hallucinations. What is the most likely diagnosis? A-Acute psychosis B-Alzheimer disease C-Delirium D-Major depressive disorder

Q- A 64-year-old woman complains of low back pain for 1 week. Her pain and tenderness is localized over the lumbar spine and exaggerated by movement. Her physician prescribes a phosphonate drug. What is the mechanism of action of this drug for this patient? A- Decrease osteoclast activity B- Increase osteoblast activity C- Decrease parathormone activity D- Increase vitamin D absorption E- Increase urinary calcium reabsorption

Q- A college student complains of a recent yellow discoloration of her eyes. She has no change in her stool and she does not drink any alcohols. Her liver enzymes and direct bilirubin are normal while total bilirubin is high. Which of the following is the most likely cause of her jaundice? A-Alcoholic liver B-Hemolysis C-Hepatoma D-Liver congestion

Q- A 30-year-old man presents to the emergency room with excruciating chest pain and shortness of breath for an hour. Past, surgical and familial histories are unremarkable except that his father died of heart attack at the age of 32. Imaging studies and laboratory tests confirm the diagnosis of myocardial infarction. What is the most likely precipitation factor contributing to his condition? A- Alcohol abuse B- Atherosclerosis C- Familial hypercholesterolemia D- Type II diabetes

A 5-year-old boy is brought to the emergency department by his mother because of an episode of bloody stool 3 hours ago. The mother says the stool was hard "like pebbles" and she noted bright red blood on the tissue when the patient cleaned himself. His previous bowel movement was 5 days ago. The patient has no abdominal or rectal pain now, but he did have abdominal pain during his bowel movement 5 days ago. He has no history of major medical illness and receives no medications. Vaccinations are up-to-date. The patient has no recent history of travel. He is at the 5th percentile for height and the 10th percentile for weight; BMI is at the 50th percentile. Vital signs are within normal limits. Abdominal examination shows hypoactive bowel sounds and a soft, slightly distended abdomen that is not tender to palpation. Rectal examination shows 1 cm of bright red rectal mucosa protruding from the right side of the anus; there is no rectal bleeding. The remainder of the examination shows no abnormalities. Which of the following is the most likely cause of this patient's physical findings? (A) Constipation (B) Cystic fibrosis (C) Hirschsprung disease (D) Hookworm infestation (E) Intussusception

Q- A 39-year-old man presents to the ER by his wife. They were watching TV when she noticed that her husband was confused and stumbling. He is not usually at home at this time, but he did not feel good all day. He used to drink every night with his friends at the bar, but he did not go with them in the last two nights. He assumed that he was tired because he drank too much last time two days ago. He denied chest pain, shortness of breath or any abdominal symptoms. His CT scan is negative for any mass or bleeding. His lab tests show: AST 64 U/L, ALT 24 U/L and Lactose dehydrogenase 267 U/L What is the most likely diagnosis of this patient’s condition? A- Alcohol toxicity B- Alcohol withdrawal C- Stroke D- Heart attack

Q- A 28-year-old woman visits her physician for evaluation of bilateral proximal muscle weakness and muscle pain. Her symptoms started last week, and her pain is getting worse. Her records indicate alcohol abuse and cocaine addiction. She is HIV positive, and she takes zidovudine. She also takes simvastatin for hypercholesterolemia. A muscle biopsy shows significant changes in mitochondrial histology. What is the most likely etiology of this patient’s condition A- Alcohol abuse B- Cocaine addiction C- Zidovudine D- Simvastatin E- HIV infection