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A 2015 study published in the journal *Science Advances* looked at the eyes of 214 land animal species and found that the shape of an animal's pupils is closely linked to the way it lives and survives. Animals that are often hunted by predators, such as goats, sheep, and horses, usually have horizontal pupils. These pupils give them a wide view of the horizon, helping them spot peril from different directions. They also make it easier to move across rough ground without needing to lift or turn their heads. Small ambush predators, such as cats and many snakes, usually have vertical pupils. These pupils improve depth perception and help them judge distance more accurately. This allows them to strike prey with great precision, especially in changing light conditions like dawn, dusk, or nighttime. The study shows that pupil shape is not random. Over millions of years, natural selection has shaped different eye designs to help animals survive, whether by escaping predators or catching prey more effectively.

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