DAMS FMGE mentor

A renal biopsy from a patient with nephrotic syndrome shows extracellular amorphous deposits with apple-green birefringence under polarized light. What is the underlying protein structure? #DAMSFMGE

Vitamin C deficiency impairs hydroxylation of proline and lysine in collagen, reducing collagen stability and wound strength.

A malnourished patient develops wound dehiscence after surgery. Examination also reveals bleeding gums and perifollicular haemorrhages. Which process is defective? #DAMSFMGE

Which adhesion molecules primarily mediate leukocyte rolling along vascular endothelium? #DAMSFMGE

Which histological finding confirms the diagnosis of acute appendicitis? #DAMSFMGE

Severe DNA damage causes mitochondrial release of cytochrome c. Which initiator caspase is subsequently activated? #DAMSFMGE

A patient dies two days after an acute myocardial infarction. Which type of necrosis is expected in the affected myocardium? #DAMSFMGE

A tumour contains a mutated RAS protein that remains permanently bound to GTP. What is the consequence? #DAMSFMGE

A young woman has breast cancer and a family history of sarcoma, brain tumour and adrenal cortical carcinoma at young ages. Which gene is most likely mutated? #DAMSFMGE

A woman with a mitochondrial disorder has three affected children. Her affected brother does not transmit the disease to his children. Which inheritance pattern is demonstrated? #DAMSFMGE

A child has neonatal hypotonia, developmental delay, hyperphagia and obesity. Genetic testing shows maternal uniparental disomy of chromosome 15. What is the diagnosis? #DAMSFMGE

A man developed Huntington disease at 52 years of age, while his son developed symptoms at 32 years. What explains the earlier onset in the son? #DAMSFMGE

A 2-year-old child develops bilateral retinoblastoma. Genetic testing reveals a germline RB1 mutation. Which additional event is required for tumour development? #DAMSFMGE

https://t.me/RadiologywithSumer

A patient develops biphasic stridor after prolonged intubation. Flow is limited equally during inspiration and expiration. Which loop is expected? #DAMSFMGE

Duodenal S cells detect acid and release secretin. Secretin acts mainly through cAMP to stimulate bicarbonate-rich secretion from pancreatic ductal cells and bile ducts, neutralizing gastric acid. CCK mainly stimulates pancreatic enzyme secretion and gallbladder contraction.

Acidic chyme enters the duodenum after a meal. Which physiological response is most important for neutralizing it? #DAMSFMGE

This is Lambert–Eaton myasthenic syndrome, caused by antibodies against presynaptic P/Q-type calcium channels. Repeated stimulation allows calcium to accumulate in the nerve terminal, increasing acetylcholine release and temporarily improving strength.