IAS VIKRANT

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🔥 HURRY UP Starts From August 15th 🔥 Thematic Daily MCQs – UPSC CSE Prelims 2027 Why this course? UPSC Prelims 2026 made one thing clear: ✅ Lengthy, more analytical and       concept-based questions ✅ Strong focus on Science &…

Theme: Native and Invasive Species To solve daily 10 themes join        📎 DAILY 10 THEMATIC              BASED  EXPECTED              QUESTIONS COURSE - 2025

🔥 HURRY UP Starts From August 15th 🔥 Thematic Daily MCQs – UPSC CSE Prelims 2027 Why this course? UPSC Prelims 2026 made one thing clear: ✅ Lengthy, more analytical and       concept-based questions ✅ Strong focus on Science & Technology, IR, and Economy ✅ Shift towards Ancient History & Culture ✅ Current affairs integrated with       static concepts ✅ A thematic approach is now essential      - not random MCQ practice. To crack UPSC Prelims 2027, you need comprehensive, thematic, and a yearlong current-oriented preparation. 📌 Thematic Daily MCQs will help       you build concepts, improve       analytical thinking, and master       the evolving UPSC recent pattern.

🎯 Master UPSC through Theme-Based Learning—not random practice. 📚 THEMATIC DAILY MCQs are meticulously designed from an in-depth analysis of UPSC Previous Year Questions (PYQs) and seamlessly integrated with Current Affairs, in line with the evolving examination pattern. Why choose our THEMATIC MCQs? ✅ PYQ-based conceptual approach. ✅ Static topics integrated with Current Affairs. ✅ Relevant for UPSC CSE, NDA, CDS, CAPF, CISF, and other competitive examinations. ✅ Enhances conceptual clarity, analytical ability, and elimination skills. ✅ Every question is examination-oriented and strategically designed. Learn the Theme. Link the Current Affairs. Excel in the Examination.

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Important Observations: 👉The 2021 OM promoted a "pollute first, pay later" approach. 👉Environmental protection must follow the Precautionary Principle and Sustainable Development, not post-facto regularisation. 👉The Court barred the government from issuing future administrative orders granting retrospective environmental clearances. 👉However, the Supreme Court may still grant relief in exceptional cases under Article 142 of the Constitution. Constitutional & Legal Significance 👉Article 21 – Right to Life includes the Right to a Clean and Healthy Environment. 👉Article 142 – Supreme Court's power to do complete justice. 👉EIA Notification, 2006 – Makes prior Environmental Clearance mandatory. 👉Reinforces the Precautionary Principle, Polluter Pays Principle, and Sustainable Development. Sectors Covered Under EIA Notification, 2006 👉Highways 👉Airports 👉Mining and resource extraction 👉Real estate and township projects 👉Industries 👉Infrastructure projects

Key Highlights of the Judgment 1. 2021 Office Memorandum Quashed 👉The Supreme Court struck down the 2021 OM prospectively. 👉Existing clearances remain valid unless individually challenged. 👉The decision avoids disruption of ongoing public infrastructure projects. 2. Prior Environmental Clearance is Mandatory 👉The Court reaffirmed that prior EC is compulsory under the EIA Notification, 2006. 👉Administrative orders cannot weaken statutory environmental safeguards. 3. No Permanent Amnesty Scheme 👉The Court held that retrospective approvals cannot become a permanent parallel route for regularising violations. 👉Such a system encourages projects to violate environmental laws first and seek approval later. 4. Administrative Orders Cannot Amend Law 👉The 2021 OM was only an administrative instruction. 👉Changes to the EIA Notification, 2006 can only be made through a proper statutory notification, not by an Office Memorandum. 5. Limited Amnesty Allowed The Court permitted that the government may introduce one-time amnesty schemes only: 👉Through a statutory notification, 👉For exceptional cases, 👉In projects involving overriding public interest, 👉For a limited period and specific categories.

Supreme Court Restricts Retrospective Environmental Clearances Why in News? 👉The Supreme Court has quashed the 2021 Office Memorandum (OM) of the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC), which allowed ex post facto (retrospective) Environmental Clearances (ECs) for projects that had started without obtaining prior environmental approval. What is Ex Post Facto Environmental Clearance? 👉Ex post facto means granting environmental clearance after a project has already commenced or been completed. 👉Under the EIA Notification, 2006, prior Environmental Clearance (EC) is mandatory before starting specified projects.